Tolerance:<\/td> Obecn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u00edme podle b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch toleranc\u00ed uveden\u00fdch v norm\u00e1ch pro kolena. \u010casto v\u0161ak vyr\u00e1b\u00edme i kolena s u\u017e\u0161\u00edmi tolerancemi. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u00e1me mo\u017enost nap\u0159\u00edklad vyrobit koleno s polom\u011brem ohybu v toleranci \u00b11 mm.
\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\nDod\u00e1v\u00e1me bezesov\u00e1 kolena vyroben\u00e1 z uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 oceli, vysoce legovan\u00e9 oceli nebo nerezov\u00e9 oceli. D\u00edky na\u0161im rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm zku\u0161enostem v oblasti tepeln\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jsme nav\u00edc schopni tv\u00e1\u0159et \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu materi\u00e1l\u016f. Mimochodem, seznam pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f najdete v \u010d\u00e1sti Materi\u00e1ly.
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Na\u0161e v\u00fdroba podl\u00e9h\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdm kontrol\u00e1m kvality. B\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu prob\u00edhaj\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 rozm\u011brov\u00e9 kontroly, d\u00edky nim\u017e m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 chyby odhalit v\u010das. Spole\u010dnost Siekmann je kontrolov\u00e1na organizac\u00ed T\u00dcV Nord a je certifikov\u00e1na podle ISO 9001:2015. To n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje trvale zaji\u0161\u0165ovat neust\u00e1l\u00e9 zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich proces\u016f.
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Materi\u00e1ly pro kolena<\/h2>\n\n\n\n V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let jsme z\u00edskali rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti v oblasti v\u00fdroby kolen. Uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 oceli, vysoce legovan\u00e9 oceli i nerezov\u00e9 oceli pat\u0159\u00ed mezi materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1me. N\u00ed\u017ee najdete seznam materi\u00e1l\u016f, ze kter\u00fdch m\u016f\u017eeme vyr\u00e1b\u011bt kolena:
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EN \/ DIN()<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\nP235GHTC1\/2 (St 35.8 I\/ III), P265GH, S355J2H<\/li>\n\n\n\n 16Mo3 (15Mo3), 10CrMo9-10 (10CrMo910), 13CrMo4-5 (13CrMo44)<\/li>\n\n\n\n X11CrMo5, X11CrMo9-1, X20CrMOV11-1, X10CrMoVNb9-1, X10CrWMoVNb9-2, 7CrMoVTiB10-10<\/li>\n\n\n\n P215NL (TTST35N\/V), 12Ni14 (10Ni14)<\/li>\n\n\n\n P355N (StE355), P355NH (WStE355), P355NL1 (TStE355), P355NL2<\/li>\n\n\n\n L290NB (StE 290.7), L360NB (StE 360.7)<\/li>\n\n\n\n 1.4301, 1.4306, 1.4361, 1.4362 (Lean Duplex), 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4410, 1.4435, 1.4436, 1.4439, 1.4462 (Duplex), 1.4466 (Super Duplex), 1.4501, 1.4539, 1.4541, 1.4547, 1.4550, 1.4571 1.4841, 1.4749, 1.4828, 1.4878, , 1.4876, 1.4952, 1.4835, 1.4877, 1.4910, 1.4922<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\nASME<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\nWPA, WPB, WPC, WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP12, WP22, WP32\/27, WP91, WP92, WP304, WP304 H, WP304L, WP310, WP316, WP316L, WP316TI, WP321, WP347, WP347H<\/li>\n\n\n\n \u00a0WPL 3, WPL6, X42, X52, WPHY52, WPHY60<\/li>\n\n\n\n S30815, S31000, S31050, S31500, S31726, S31803, S32760, N08904<\/li>\n\n\n\n Alloy 800H, DMV310N<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n <\/figure>\n\n\n\n <\/figure>\n\n\n\n <\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n<\/div>
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Jak\u00e9 normy plat\u00ed pro kolena?<\/h2>\n\n\n\nEN 10253-2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n Toto je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed norma pro tvarovky k nava\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed z nelegovan\u00fdch a legovan\u00fdch feritick\u00fdch ocel\u00ed se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi po\u017eadavky na zkou\u0161en\u00ed. V t\u00e9to norm\u011b byly slou\u010deny r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u011bmeck\u00e9 DIN normy pro jednotliv\u00e9 typy tvarovek do jedn\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 normy. Pro n\u00e1s je zde rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kolen. Dod\u00e1v\u00e1me proveden\u00ed 2D, 3D, 5D a tak\u00e9 mnoho speci\u00e1ln\u00edch polom\u011br\u016f mezi nimi.
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\nD\u00e1le norma EN 10253-2 obsahuje tak\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1st pro kolena s pln\u00fdm stupn\u011bm vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1lu (typ B). Kolena \u201etyp B\u201c maj\u00ed na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b oblouku v\u00fdrazn\u011b zes\u00edlenou tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny oproti tlou\u0161\u0165ce na konc\u00edch pro nava\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee vnit\u0159n\u00ed strana oblouku je nejv\u00edce nam\u00e1han\u00fdm m\u00edstem kolena. Norma rovn\u011b\u017e zahrnuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 voliteln\u00e9 po\u017eadavky, kter\u00e9 lze podle pot\u0159eby uv\u00e9st.
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Nap\u0159\u00edklad: **Volba 15 \u2013 Ka\u017ed\u00e1 tvarovka mus\u00ed b\u00fdt podrobena zkou\u0161ce tvrdosti.**<\/p>\n\n\n\n
EN 10253-4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n Tato norma se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 tvarovkami k nava\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed z austenitick\u00fdch a austeniticko-feritick\u00fdch (duplexn\u00edch) ocel\u00ed se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi po\u017eadavky na zkou\u0161en\u00ed. Z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti odpov\u00edd\u00e1 norm\u011b EN 10253-2. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech v\u0161ak obsahuje odli\u0161n\u00e9 polom\u011bry ohybu oproti EN 10253-2. N\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee o t\u011bchto rozd\u00edlech kdykoli podrobn\u011b informovat.
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\nMo\u017enosti uveden\u00e9 v EN 10253-2 jsou zahrnuty tak\u00e9 v EN 10253-4, av\u0161ak li\u0161\u00ed se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00e1sadn\u00edch bodech.
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Volba 15: Je nutn\u00e9 vystavit atest 3.2 podle EN 10204.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
DIN 2605<\/h3>\n\n\n\n DIN 2605 je star\u0161\u00ed norma pro kolena, kter\u00e1 byla nahrazena normou EN 10253. U kolen s pln\u00fdm stupn\u011bm vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1lu zde plat\u00ed jin\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ky st\u011bn ne\u017e v nov\u00fdch norm\u00e1ch. Tato norma tak\u00e9 nen\u00ed tak rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 jako EN 10253 a obsahuje pouze \u010d\u00e1st t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kolen, nikoli jin\u00fdch tvarovek.
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ASME B16.9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n Norma ASME B16.9 stanovuje technick\u00e9 po\u017eadavky pro bezesov\u00e9 a sva\u0159ovan\u00e9 ocelov\u00e9 tvarovky, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed i r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy kolen. Rozm\u011bry jsou uv\u00e1d\u011bny v palc\u00edch (vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br) a v \u0159ad\u00e1ch Schedule (tlou\u0161\u0165ky st\u011bn). Kolena podle t\u00e9to normy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, potrubn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch projektech a zaru\u010duj\u00ed vysokou kompatibilitu a normovou jistotu.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
Co je koleno?<\/h2>\n\n <\/figure>\n\nKoleno je tvarovka, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed ke zm\u011bn\u011b sm\u011bru potrubn\u00edho veden\u00ed. Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy kolen, kter\u00e9 se mohou li\u0161it vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brem, tlou\u0161\u0165kou st\u011bny, polom\u011brem ohybu, \u00fahlem a materi\u00e1lem. Obvykle se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed bu\u010f ze sva\u0159ovan\u00fdch polovin, nebo z bezesov\u00e9 trubky. Kolena se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v mnoha oblastech, jako je energetika, stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed, v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00edkov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a v\u00fdstavba pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.
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Rozd\u00edl mezi koleny typu A a typu B<\/h2>\n\nKoleno typu A \u2013 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd stupe\u0148 vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1lu:<\/h3>\n\n Tvarovky maj\u00ed stejnou tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny na sva\u0159ovac\u00edch konc\u00edch jako na t\u011ble kolena. Pevnost kolena v\u016f\u010di vnit\u0159n\u00edmu tlaku je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u trubky se stejn\u00fdm vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brem, stejnou tlou\u0161\u0165kou st\u011bny a ze stejn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se jedn\u00e1 o kolena se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm stupn\u011bm vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1lu. Tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny na cel\u00e9m t\u011ble tvarovky, stejn\u011b jako na p\u0159ipojovac\u00edch konc\u00edch, mus\u00ed dodr\u017eet minim\u00e1ln\u00ed tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny \u221212,5 % oproti jmenovit\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ce.
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Koleno typu B \u2013 pln\u00fd stupe\u0148 vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1lu:<\/h3>\n\n Tvarovky maj\u00ed na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b oblouku zv\u00fd\u0161enou tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny. Pevnost v\u016f\u010di vnit\u0159n\u00edmu tlaku odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pevnosti trubky se stejn\u00fdm vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fm\u011brem, stejnou tlou\u0161\u0165kou st\u011bny a ze stejn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se jedn\u00e1 o kolena s pln\u00fdm stupn\u011bm vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1lu.
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\nTlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b kolena mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zv\u00fd\u0161ena oproti tlou\u0161\u0165ce st\u011bny na p\u0159ipojovac\u00edch konc\u00edch. Po\u017eadovan\u00e1 tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9ho vzorce, kter\u00fd zohled\u0148uje vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br, tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny a zejm\u00e9na polom\u011br ohybu. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kolena s velmi mal\u00fdmi polom\u011bry ohybu mus\u00ed m\u00edt na vnit\u0159n\u00ed stran\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161enou tlou\u0161\u0165ku st\u011bny.
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Rozd\u00edl podle norem EN 10253-2 a EN 10253-4<\/h3>\n\n Normy EN 10253-2 a EN 10253-4 rozd\u011bluj\u00ed kolena do dvou typ\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch vyd\u00e1n\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed. V EN 10253-2 jsou ozna\u010dena jako typ A a typ B, zat\u00edmco EN 10253-4 je ozna\u010duje jako proveden\u00ed A a proveden\u00ed B.
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Koleno 76,1 \u00d7 12,5 \u2013 2D, polom\u011br ohybu 126<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Typ A, tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny uvnit\u0159: 11,0 mm<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n
Typ B, tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u011bny uvnit\u0159: 16,8 mm<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n